Nuevas Terapias de Neuromodulación para la Insuficiencia Cardíaca y la Hipertensión Resistente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18423527Palabras clave:
Neuromodulación, Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Hipertensión Resistente, Sistema Nervioso Autónomo, Estimulación VagalResumen
La insuficiencia cardíaca y la hipertensión resistente representan desafíos clínicos relevantes, frecuentemente asociados con disfunción del sistema nervioso autónomo e hiperactividad simpática sostenida. En este contexto, las terapias de neuromodulación surgen como estrategias innovadoras orientadas a restaurar el equilibrio autonómico y mejorar los resultados cardiovasculares. Analizar críticamente la evidencia científica reciente sobre nuevas terapias de neuromodulación aplicadas a la insuficiencia cardíaca y la hipertensión resistente, enfatizando los mecanismos fisiológicos, los resultados clínicos y las perspectivas futuras para la práctica clínica. Revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en las bases PubMed, JACC, SciELO y American College of Cardiology, utilizando descriptores relacionados con la estimulación vagal, la activación del barorreflejo y la denervación renal. Se incluyeron estudios publicados en los últimos diez años con seguimiento mínimo de seis meses. Las principales estrategias identificadas incluyen la estimulación del nervio vago, la activación del barorreflejo carotídeo y la denervación renal, con evidencia de mejora en la modulación autonómica, reducción de la actividad simpática y beneficios funcionales. Las terapias de neuromodulación presentan potencial clínico relevante como adyuvantes al tratamiento farmacológico convencional, aunque la falta de estudios de largo plazo refuerza la necesidad de ensayos clínicos más robustos.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Bismarck Felype Limeira Vieira, Michele Ventura de Lima, Moaby Ferreira da Silva , Wellen Bruna Farias Pantoja , Fewane Calixto de Paula , Lucia Gabriella da Silva Fonseca , José Marlon Trindade Oliveira , Pedro Antonio Santos de Andrade , Pedro Cardoso de Oliveira
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