Sepsis from Multiple Infectious Sources in Hospitalized Adult Patients: Clinical Profile, Factors Associated with Organ Dysfunction, and In-Hospital Mortality

Abstract

Sepsis is a severe clinical condition characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. When different anatomical sites are simultaneously involved, identifying infectious foci and defining an appropriate therapeutic approach may become more complex. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic characteristics of sepsis, with an emphasis on multiple infectious foci and factors associated with mortality. An integrative literature review was conducted, with comparative analysis of the selected studies according to the identification, screening, and inclusion stages described in the methodology. Twelve publications were analyzed, addressing epidemiological characteristics, prognostic factors, organ dysfunction, hospital-acquired infections, and antimicrobial resistance. The findings indicated greater vulnerability among older patients and individuals with comorbidities, as well as associations between mortality and factors such as clinical severity, organ dysfunction, mechanical ventilation, and specific infectious conditions. One study identified multiple infection sites in 22.3% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit; however, the available data did not establish the independent impact of this condition on mortality. In conclusion, early recognition, identification of infectious foci, and timely treatment are essential for sepsis management. Further studies are needed to clarify the influence of multiple infectious foci on clinical outcomes.